Vaccine Development and Ethical Sidetracking: Nonhuman primates in COVID-19 Biomedical Research

The current ethical paradigm condones the use of nonhuman animals for biomedical research experiments. Such use of animals has been acknowledged as a practice that comes with a considerable moral burden, and thus certain regulations have been established to control it. The singularity of nonhuman primates (NHPs), in terms of their cognitive and emotional complexity, grants them virtual personhood status, which is reflected in a stricter legislation, that nonetheless allows their use in certain cases. The pandemic brought about by SARS-CoV-2 has accelerated the classical drug development design model, and NHPs have been among the species used to test novel therapies. In this study, a search on the characteristics of NHPs and experimental techniques performed for COVID-19 vaccine development purposes will be used to weigh the costs and benefits of these practices. Taking a critical viewpoint, the results of these studies will be analyzed beyond their quantitative dimensions, considering the harm entailed for humans and NHPs, as well as the extension of potential benefits. © 2022, BAU College of Arts and Design Barcelona. All rights reserved.

Researching children and disasters: What's different in pandemic times?

The repercussions of the global COVID-19 pandemic are far-reaching and extend to the ways in which scholars conduct disaster research. Research on children and disasters is no exception. Focusing on methodologies, this paper explores the methodological constraints and innovations of studying children during the current crisis, and the implications for post-pandemic research on children and disasters. We begin by reviewing research methodologies to study children and disasters, drawing upon scholarly and grey literature as well as on our own research project on the pandemic experiences of children, adolescents, and older adults. We then discuss how these research approaches, tools, and spaces have changed during the pandemic. Methodological adaptation and innovation are necessary because traditional data collection methods are largely not feasible during the current pandemic;for example, many researchers cannot travel to the disaster site, hold in-person focus groups, interview children and their families face-to-face, or conduct extensive participant observation in places people would usually frequent. We pay particular attention to research ethics issues, including the challenges of navigating the research design process when children are involved. We contend that the massive adoption of online methods during the COVID-19 pandemic is laying the foundation for a seventh wave of research on children and disasters characterized by the integration of in-person and virtual worlds, and of in-person and virtual research methods. Rather than initiating this transition to a hybrid or blended model, the pandemic is accelerating the transition, and compelling more of the research community to engage than might have otherwise. The "bricolage" of methods originating in both in-person and virtual fields, adapted in various ways for both in-person and virtual fields, is better attuned to the spaces where children live their lives, and the ways in which they live their lives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Conclusion: Towards a new web of rules

In this concluding chapter, we draw together the various contributions presented in this volume, discuss the broader implications of our findings, and reflect on how this builds upon Willy Brown's work. The chapter examines how the patchwork of rules has been altered by new and emerging challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the rise of global supply chains and new forms of business. We return to the central objective of this volume of identifying and analysing the viability of various institutions for addressing these challenges and discuss how these might form the basis of a new web of rules for protecting labour standards in the future. © 2023 by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.

16th International Conference on the Modelling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes

PrefaceThe 16th International Conference on the Modelling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes (MCWASP XVI) was held from June 18 to 23, 2023, in Banff, Canada, at the Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity. Founded in 1933, the Centre in Treaty 7 Territory within Banff National Park—Canada's first National Park—is a learning organization built upon an extraordinary legacy of excellence in artistic and creative development. The "all-inclusive” nature of the conference and the remote setting meant that participants dined, attended oral and poster presentations, and participated in social activities as a group, fostering outstanding opportunities for networking.Given that the MCWASP community had not met in person since 2015 in Japan (the 2020 edition of MCWASP was virtual owing to COVID-19), the 2023 conference provided the opportunity to renew old friendships and make new ones as well as discuss the science of solidification and related processes—all within the backdrop of the beautiful Canadian Rocky Mountains.The technical program comprised more than 70 oral and poster presentations. In addition to content related to modelling of casting, welding, and advanced solidification processes, keynotes were invited to talk about related subjects (artificial intelligence/machine learning, and permeability modelling in shale rock) as well as the rich diversity of fossils, especially dinosaurs, found in Alberta.The oral technical program was organized with as a single session (i.e., no concurrent presentations). It featured all aspects of solidification modelling, including solidification process technologies (continuous and semi-continuous casting, shape casting, additive manufacturing, and welding), coupled multi-physics simulations, defect formation, fluid flow, micro- and macro-structure formation, numerical methods, and related experimentation, especially in-situ observation of solidification.The four-day technical program was spread over five days to give participants the opportunity to explore the stunning Canadian Rocky Mountains.In these proceedings, the papers are organized by major theme. The dominant topics are Additive Manufacturing and Welding and Microstructure Formation, followed by Continuous Casting – Shape Casting, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Alloy Segregation, Defects, Imaging of Solidification, Thermomechanics, and Materials Properties. In these themes, the authors report advances in numerical modelling techniques, new scientific and process developments in solidification, and related in-situ experimentation.Although significant progress has been made over these past 16 MCWASP conferences covering 43 years, it is clear that the complexity of advanced solidification phenomena as related to conventional and emerging manufacturing technologies still attracts a great deal of scientific and industrial interest to support technological innovation.André PhillionBanff, Canada, June 2023MCWASP XVI 2023List of Peer Reviewers, Sponsors, MCWASP XVI Organizers, International Scientific Committee are available in this Pdf.

Methodologies of Affective Experimentation

We live in an era of experimentation - both if we look at the broader social world of politics, media and art and at the narrower context of academic knowledge production. This collection consists of 14 chapters by leading scholars in affect studies. They explore the affective dimensions of experimental practices related to, for example, activism, the COVID-19 pandemic, populism, sustainability, patient communities, music streaming, Jamaican dancehall, gangs, leadership, tourism and minority youth cultures. Experiments are understood as intentionally crafted milieus aimed at (re)presenting unnoticed aspects of the world, as non-linear processes with unpredictable outcomes, and as ways of giving the future a provisional form. The collection responds to a pressing need to understand the intersection between affect, experimentation and sociocultural change by offering empirical strategies to explore how, and with what consequences, experimentation is affective. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. All rights reserved.

Future-proofing I-O psychology: The need for updated graduate curriculum

Comments on an article by Patrick Hyland (see record 2023-54807-014). Hyland provides a model for reflection and reflexivity to prevent industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology research from growing stale. Authors focus is to expand upon Hyland's model by first reflecting on the recent sociohistorical forces that have shaped I-O psychology and then by proactively future-proofing their field through graduate education focused on transparency, software accessibility, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Recent history has seen an upsurge of unprecedented macro events such as COVID-19, nationwide racial division, political unrest, and mental health crisis;these events make authors aware of blind spots within our societal, scientific, and economical systems. Such events force us as a field to be reactive and adaptive by transitioning from old methods to new and developing methods (e.g., work shifting from in-person to online). However, as humans, authors tend to cling to what is familiar and comfortable, and likewise, their field has often chosen to remain comfortable. Authors believe that the proclivity to resist change results in an overreliance on outdated practices and to combat this, authors suggest a grassroots approach to transformation by focusing on future-proofing graduate coursework. In line with the Society of Industrial Organizational Psychology's (SIOP) strategic goals, authors envision a future that equips future generations of researchers and practitioners with the skills and knowledge to be lifelong learners, so they are prepared for ever-changing challenges. Authors suggest updating the I-O graduate course curriculum by (a) implementing open science practices throughout courses, (b) embracing the latest open-source coding technologies (e.g., R and Python), and (c) advancing inferential inclusivity by teaching Bayesian statistics in addition to traditional methods. This three-pronged approach addresses the need for transparency, software accessibility, and multidisciplinary research to prepare graduate students to theorize, plan appropriate study design, thoughtfully consider necessary analyses, interpret meaningful results, and share those results in a clear and far-reaching manner. Researchers can then prepare for (rather than react to) unprecedented macro events, clarifying our collective identity and future-proofing the field with an updated skill set to overcome obstacles. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Research Acceleration in Self-Driving Labs: Technological Roadmap toward Accelerated Materials and Molecular Discovery

The urgency of finding solutions to global energy, sustainability, and healthcare challenges has motivated rethinking of the conventional chemistry and material science workflows. Self-driving labs, emerged through integration of disruptive physical and digital technologies, including robotics, additive manufacturing, reaction miniaturization, and artificial intelligence, have the potential to accelerate the pace of materials and molecular discovery by 10–100X. Using autonomous robotic experimentation workflows, self-driving labs enable access to a larger part of the chemical universe and reduce the time-to-solution through an iterative hypothesis formulation, intelligent experiment selection, and automated testing. By providing a data-centric ion to the accelerated discovery cycle, in this perspective article, the required hardware and software technological infrastructure to unlock the true potential of self-driving labs is discussed. In particular, process intensification as an accelerator mechanism for reaction modules of self-driving labs and digitalization strategies to further accelerate the discovery cycle in chemical and materials sciences are discussed.

The Contribution of Adaptive Marketing Capabilities on SME's Business Model Adaptation During the Pandemic Crisis: An Abstract

According to Day (2011), adaptive marketing capabilities (AMC) can make the adaptation of existing business models more effective, especially when firms are confronted to chaotic and nonlinear market changes. Evidence suggests that AMC enhance the business performance (Maryanti, 2019) the international performance (Reimann, 2021), the market performance of B2B firms (Guo et al., 2018), as well as the innovation performance (Ali, 2021;Shen, 2020). However, little is known about how AMC contribute to the proper adaptation of the business model components, particularly in a context of crisis. Our objective is therefore to test the potential contribution of AMC, as internal drivers of the Business Model Innovation process, in the specific context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Building upon the literature on AMC and BMI (Day, 2011;Foss & Saebi, 2018;Moorman & Day, 2016), we posit that Adaptive market experimentation capabilities (AMC) and Open marketing capabilities (OMC) (i) complement each other and (ii) contribute to the adaptive process by which SMEs succeed to properly align the three dimensions of their business model according to the new conditions (value proposition, value creation and value capture). From March to September 2021, in partnership with the economic department of Ville de Montréal, we collected 173 online self-administered questionnaires from Canadian SMEs, most of them (76%) having fewer than 20 employees. Measures were adapted from existing scales (Guo et al., 2018;Miroshnychenko et al., 2020;Spieth & Schneider, 2016) and we tested our model using a PLS-SEM approach. Our results confirm that the OMC (i) contribute to reinforce the AMC and (ii) significantly enhance the overall adaptation of the business model, but only through its value creation and value capture dimensions. On the contrary, the analysis shows that AMC do not seem to have a significant impact on the overall BM adaptation as they only enhance the value creation facet of the adaptive process. The potential contributions of these findings are of two folds. First, we shed lights on the potential contribution of two complementary adaptive marketing capabilities (AMC and OMC) in the process by which SMEs strive to adjust their business model in a context of economic crisis. Second, contrary to the initial premises made by Day (2011), results show that these two internal drivers do not contribute equally to this evolutionary process. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Engaging with program adaptations in evaluation: A range of existing options and a new opportunity

Premised on the idea that evaluators should be familiar with a range of approaches to program modifications, I review several existing approaches and then describe another, less well-recognized option. In this newer option, evaluators work with others to identify potentially needed adaptations for select program aspects in advance. In describing this approach, I note the general steps involved and present alternative techniques for identifying, a priori, adaptations that may come to be needed. In the final section, I discuss implications of the a priori adaptation planning approach for the fidelity-adaptation trade-off, past criticism of logic models as overly fixed and linear, potential research and evaluation questions, the development of more detailed views of programs in evaluation theory and training, and possible resistance to adaptation planning. Discussion also considers the potential future of program adaptations in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Swine nutrition and environment

Evidently, pathogens and swine herd health are regarded as the top risk factors that can potentially disrupt normal pork production. Since the last edition of the Sustainable Swine Nutrition edited by Chiba, unprecedented global COVID-19 pandemic challenges and disruptive cell-based new meat production technologies have emerged, which need to be touched on in the context. COVID-19 has been causing enormous damages in losses of a large number of human lives and disruption of global social and economic activities, being regarded as the most severe pandemic occurred within the past century ever since the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. Carbon is fundamental in metabolic energy-contributing ingredients, namely starch, proteins, oils and fats, and nonstarch polysaccharides, and is an essential component measured during indirect calorimetry experimentation. Gut microbiota contributes to digestion and degradation of dietary carbon nutrients in pigs. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Experiments of authoritarian sustainability: Völkisch settlers and far-right prefiguration of a climate behemoth

Despite the possibility of unintended side effects, experiments in civil society like urban gardens, sustainable housing projects, ecovillages, and so forth are associated with transformative capacities in light of an increasingly serious social-ecological crisis. The tide of the political far right, however, demonstrates that outcomes of civil society engagement undermining emancipatory sustainability are hardly just unintended effects. Therefore, I analyze the role of experimental ecopolitics for the far right by means of the example of völkisch settlers in Germany, which are diverse far-right actors practicing a strategy of rural community building. After discussing whether these practices can be understood as ecopolitical experimentation, I reflect on its tensions with far-right climate-change denialism and its relevance for future scenarios of climate politics. I suggest that despite ideological differences, far-right environmentalism of everyday corresponds with characteristic elements of experimental practices of non-far-right experimentation. Representing far-right politics beyond anti-environmentalism and denial, far-right experimentation might provide bridge building and enable potential cooptation of non-far-right experiments and participatory sustainability governance. Further, it represents an agenda of exclusive authoritarian sustainability and ethno-securitization of climate change that—as recent COVID-19 protests have indicated—has a potential for social resonance far beyond the organized far right. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Person Identification and Gender Classification Based on Vision Transformers for Periocular Images

Simple SummaryThe idea of identifying persons using the fewest traits from the face, particularly the area surrounding the eye, was carried out in light of the present COVID-19 scenario. This may also be applied to doctors working in hospitals, the military, and even in certain faiths where the face is mostly covered, except the eyes. The most recent advancement in computer vision, called vision transformers, has been tested for the UBIPr dataset for different architectures. The proposed model is pretrained on an openly available ImageNet dataset with 1 K classes and 1.3 M pictures before using it on the real dataset of interest, and accordingly the input images are scaled to 224 × 224. The PyTorch framework, which is particularly helpful for creating complicated neural networks, has been utilized to create our models. To avoid overfitting, the stratified K-Fold technique is used to make the model less prone to overfitting. The accuracy results have proven that these techniques are highly effective for both person identification and gender classification.AbstractMany biometrics advancements have been widely used for security applications. This field's evolution began with fingerprints and continued with periocular imaging, which has gained popularity due to the pandemic scenario. CNN (convolutional neural networks) has revolutionized the computer vision domain by demonstrating various state-of-the-art results (performance metrics) with the help of deep-learning-based architectures. The latest transformation has happened with the invention of transformers, which are used in NLP (natural language processing) and are presently being adapted for computer vision. In this work, we have implemented five different ViT- (vision transformer) based architectures for person identification and gender classification. The experiment was performed on the ViT architectures and their modified counterparts. In general, the samples selected for train:val:test splits are random, and the trained model may get affected by overfitting. To overcome this, we have performed 5-fold cross-validation-based analysis. The experiment's performance matrix indicates that the proposed method achieved better results for gender classification as well as person identification. We also experimented with train-val-test partitions for benchmarking with existing architectures and observed significant improvements. We utilized the publicly available UBIPr dataset for performing this experimentation.

How crisis reveals the structures of practices

The speed, scope and scale of changes wreaked by the Covid-19 crisis of 2020 onwards raise challenging questions for practice theorists. After all, practice theory has generally emphasized continuity. According to Reckwitz, practices are 'routinized types of behaviour'. For Nicolini practices are 'very resilient and often difficult to change because, qua practices, they are taken for granted and often considered as part of the natural order of things'. Where practice theorists have explored change, they have often focused on slow-cooked transformations, for instance the spread of showering from the 1870s onwards, the emergence of the Kentucky bourbon industry in the mid-19th Century, or the decades-long shifts in the practices of strategy in modern Western businesses. The Covid-19 changes have an intensity that is quite other to these leisurely evolutions. Our argument here is that the Covid-19 crisis, challenging as it is, in fact provides an opportunity for practice theorists. As a set of extreme events, it exposes for further investigation structural features of practices along two dimensions, external and internal. These structural features help us address two particularly tough questions raised by initial observations of the crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The effect of COVID-19 on community-engaged homicide research

COVID-19 transformed society, affecting how every sector conducted work. Researchers, law enforcement, and social service agencies had to adapt procedures to a virtual space-moving participant recruitment, warrant requests, and protection orders online. Researcher-practitioner partnerships also altered, halting in-person data collection and agencies having limited time to support guests, regardless of interest. While some COVID-19-related challenges will likely subside, the future of these partnerships seems to have permanently shifted. In this research note, we reflect on these shifts using an example of an intimate partner homicide study to discuss research adaptions to COVID-19 and the future of community-engaged homicide research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The product life cycle revisited: An integrative review and research agenda

Purpose: This paper aims to respond to calls in academia for an update of the product lifecycle (PLC). Through a systematic literature review, the authors provide an updated agenda, which aims to advance the PLC concept in research, teaching and practice. Design/methodology/approach: The authors started by surveying 101 marketing academics globally to ascertain whether a PLC update was viewed necessary and beneficial in the marketing community and thereafter conducted citation analysis of marketing research papers and textbooks to ascertain PLC usage. The subsequent literature review methodology was split into two sections. First, 97 empirical articles were reviewed based on an evaluative framework. Second, research pertaining to the PLC determinants were assessed and discussed. Findings: From the results of this review and primary data from marketing academics, the authors find that the method of predicting the PLC based on past sales has been largely unsuccessful and perceived as somewhat outdated. However, a new stream of PLC literature is emerging, which takes a consumer-centric perspective to the PLC and has seen more success at modeling lifecycles in various industries. Research limitations/implications: First, the study outlines the most contemporary and successful methodological approaches to modeling the PLC. Namely, the use of artificial intelligence, big data, demand modeling and consumer psychological mechanisms. Second, it provides several future research avenues using modern market trends such as sustainability, globalization, digitization and Covid-19 to push the PLC into the 21st century. Originality/value: The PLC has shown to be resolutely popular in management application and education. However, without a continued effort in academic PLC research to update the knowledge around the concept, its use as a productive management tool will likely become outdated. This study provides a necessary and comprehensive literature update resulting in actionable future research and teaching agendas intended to advance the PLC concept into the modern market context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Self-driving laboratories: A paradigm shift in nanomedicine development.

Nanomedicines have transformed promising therapeutic agents into clinically approved medicines with optimal safety and efficacy profiles. This is exemplified by the mRNA vaccines against COVID-19, which were made possible by lipid nanoparticle technology. Despite the success of nanomedicines to date, their design remains far from trivial, in part due to the complexity associated with their preclinical development. Herein, we propose a nanomedicine materials acceleration platform (NanoMAP) to streamline the preclinical development of these formulations. NanoMAP combines high-throughput experimentation with state-of-the-art advances in artificial intelligence (including active learning and few-shot learning) as well as a web-based application for data sharing. The deployment of NanoMAP requires interdisciplinary collaboration between leading figures in drug delivery and artificial intelligence to enable this data-driven design approach. The proposed approach will not only expedite the development of next-generation nanomedicines but also encourage participation of the pharmaceutical science community in a large data curation initiative.

Review of animal transmission experiments of respiratory viruses: Implications for transmission risk of SARS-COV-2 in humans via different routes.

Exploring transmission risk of different routes has major implications for epidemic control. However, disciplinary boundaries have impeded the dissemination of epidemic information, have caused public panic about "air transmission," "air-conditioning transmission," and "environment-to-human transmission," and have triggered "hygiene theater." Animal experiments provide experimental evidence for virus transmission, but more attention is paid to whether transmission is driven by droplets or aerosols and using the dichotomy to describe most transmission events. Here, according to characteristics of experiment setups, combined with patterns of human social interactions, we reviewed and grouped animal transmission experiments into four categories-close contact, short-range, fomite, and aerosol exposure experiments-and provided enlightenment, with experimental evidence, on the transmission risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) in humans via different routes. When referring to "air transmission," context should be showed in elaboration results, rather than whether close contact, short or long range is uniformly described as "air transmission." Close contact and short range are the major routes. When face-to-face, unprotected, horizontally directional airflow does promote transmission, due to virus decay and dilution in air, the probability of "air conditioning transmission" is low; the risk of "environment-to-human transmission" highly relies on surface contamination and human behavior based on indirect path of "fomite-hand-mucosa or conjunctiva" and virus decay on surfaces. Thus, when discussing the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2, we should comprehensively consider the biological basis of virus transmission, environmental conditions, and virus decay. Otherwise, risk of certain transmission routes, such as long-range and fomite transmission, will be overrated, causing public excessive panic, triggering ineffective actions, and wasting epidemic prevention resources.

"Follow your interests because those will motivate you to excel": An interview with Alister Cumming

The present article reports an interview with Alister on his personal and academic life and his contributions to the field. The authors have developed the questions for the interview after consulting previous Language Assessment Quarterly (LAQ) interviews. The interview with Alister took place in September 2020 by email (due to the COVID19 pandemic). The interviewer thanked him for taking the time to respond to their questions and to discuss so many aspects of his life and academic accomplishments. They appreciate his advice for novice researchers to follow their interests because those interests will motivate them to excel in their research. His successful career has demonstrated how true this is. They are sure LAQ readers will enjoy reading about his work and accomplishments as much as they did. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

A cohort data-based perspective on ecological aspects predicaments in human health

The ecological aspects such as environmental factors, socioeconomic constraints and demographic parameters are one of the key aspects to examine the health benefits of human subject and used as ready reference in eco system modeling. Presently, there are various kinds of deadly diseases and disorders who are liable for affecting the human health and impacting the eco framework of whole world. The virus such as Corona, Swine Flu, omicron and others are one of the best examples for the research community to understand the vulnerability of human health in relation to these unpredictable causes. As per report of world health organization every year, more than 10 million people are affected by such ecological and environmental disbalance. The burden of ecological aspects apparently affecting the working of various organs in human subject. There is a need to understand this ecological model in relation to health of human subjects. In this study, a cohort-based data set of ecological pollutants and physiological signals such as ECG and anthropogenic data of human subjects were extracted from Maharashtra from 2015 to 2021. As per neural network-based hazard ratio was calculated and observed to be deplorable among unhealthy and health categories of human subjects. It has been concluded that the accumulative eco system is responsible for overburden to organs of living beings and policy makers must focus on the facts of study for modern management framework designs. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Governance frameworks for COVID-19 research ethics review and oversight in Latin America: An exploratory study

Background: Research has been an essential part of the COVID-19 pandemic response, including in Latin American (LA) countries. However, implementing research in emergency settings poses the challenge of producing valuable knowledge rapidly while upholding research ethical standards. Research ethics committees (RECs) therefore must conduct timely and rigorous ethics reviews and oversight of COVID-19 research. In the LA region, there is limited knowledge on how countries have responded to this need. To address this gap, the objective of our project is to explore if LA countries developed policies to streamline ethics review and oversight of research in response to the pandemic while ensuring its adherence to ethical standards, and to analyze to what extent these governance frameworks are in accordance with international guidance. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and exploratory study assessing the COVID-19 research ethics governance frameworks of 19 LA countries, considering 4 dimensions based on international COVID-19 ethics guidance documents: (i) ethics review organizational model adopted, (ii) measures to coordinate between RECs and other research stakeholders, (iii) operational guidance for RECs, and (iv) key ethical issues for review and oversight of COVID-19 research. Results: 10 out of 19 LA countries have some policy to streamline ethics review of COVID-19 research. Of these countries only 6 issued comprehensive documents following international guidance that contemplate strategies with recommendations for concrete actions for a timely and rigorous review. Conclusion: LA countries adopted partial strategies and operational guidance that may demonstrate a lack of a comprehensive view of research ethics for the review and oversight of COVID-19 research. Continuing efforts should be directed to strengthen LA countries' research capacity to respond timely and ethically to future health emergencies. Past lessons and the ones from this pandemic should be the basis to develop international standards and operational guidelines for ethics review and oversight of any research for public health emergencies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)